Before the Andaman and Nicobar Islands became a successful traveler location, the islands had been occupied by tribes dwelling at the islands for centuries. The tourists introduced diseases like malaria and epidemics with them, which infected and killed the tribes. The tribes were not immune to the sicknesses, and they reduced in number quite.
The Great Andamanese
The Great Andamanese tribe is one of the oldest tribes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands; it had a population of 10,000 in 1789. As per the 1971 Census, there were only 24, but this climbed to 41 by 1999. Efforts to protect and preserve the tribe have led to their relocation to Strait Island. Traditionally foragers, the Great Andamanese now consume modern foods like rice, dal, and chapati, though they still hunt and gather occasionally. Their foods include fish, dugongs, turtles, turtle eggs, crabs, roots, and tubers, and also pork. They have recently integrated some of them to grow vegetables and set up poultry farms. They are also prone to infectious diseases and unwholesome drinking habits acquired through contact with non-tribal people.
Onge
The Onges, one of India’s most primitive tribes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, belong to the Negrito racial stock and reside in the Dugong Creek reservation on Little Andaman Island. Semi-nomadic and fully reliant on nature for sustenance, the Onges have experienced the impact of outsiders due to successful efforts at befriending them.They have been provided with pucca houses, clothes, food, and medicine by the Administration. They consume fish, turtles, roots, and jackfruit. They have become skilled in arts and crafts like canoe-making.
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Jarawas
The Jarawas, a tribe of the tribes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands with an estimated population of 341, live along the coasts of South and Middle Andaman. In 2004, a policy was introduced to protect them, expanding their reserve to 1,028 sq. km and declaring coastal waters up to 5 km a tribal reserve. Exclusive health center wards and a 5 km buffer zone protect the Jarawas from outside contact and large-scale tourism.
Sentinelese
Amid the other diminishing tribes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the Sentinelese occupy an area of about 60 sq. km. The inhabitants of North Sentinel Island are considered by specialists to be the last Paleolithic human beings on earth. They are isolated from other societies. The Sentinelese are considered to be a subgroup of the Jarawa and Onge tribes and have developed a distinct identity due to their isolation.Known for their hostility, they never leave their island, and little is known about them.
Shompens
The Shompens, a prominent tribe of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, inhabit Great Nicobar. They belong to the Mongoloid race and are divided into two groups: the Mawa Shompens, living near coastal river valleys, and the hostile Shompens, residing in the interior.The Mawa Shompens were earlier attacked by the hostile tribe, but the hostility stopped presumably due to disease. With the settlement at Campbell Bay now established, the Shompens have started to mingle more with the settlers and overcome bashfulness. Discover the lively culture of the Shompens and other tribes with Andaman tour packages and get to know the island’s diverse indigenous people better.
Takeaway
The tribes of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands have unique cultures and traditions that contribute to the region’s rich heritage. These include the Great Andamanese, Onges, Jarawas, Sentinelese, and Shompens, each preserving their distinct identities. They have adapted to changing circumstances while maintaining their cultural uniqueness and traditions. We invite you to entrust us with planning your Andaman trip. Embark on an unforgettable journey with our Andaman tour packages. Discover the pristine beaches, turquoise waters, and lush landscapes with our exclusive 5 nights and 6 days Andaman honeymoon package. The next time you set sail on your adventure, let us know what you uncover!
